Niveau
Praktiker
Lesezeit
320 Min.
Einträge
36 Lektionen
Sie erhalten
Zertifikat (70% zum Bestehen)
/ Kurse

Ihren VPS oder dedizierten Server absichern

Für Betreiber eines VPS oder dedizierten Servers mit Website oder Game-Server. Lernen Sie die grundlegenden Schutzmaßnahmen kennen, die die überwältigende Mehrheit realer Angriffe abwehren - dieselbe Härtung, die OAKMONT für Kunden umsetzt.

42 Quizfragen Lektionen und Materialien sind auf Englisch

Lesen Sie die erste Lektion

Die komplette erste Lektion, im Original. Der Rest des Kurses liest sich genauso. Das Material ist auf Englisch.

A server does not wait to be famous before it gets attacked. The moment a public IP address starts answering, automated scanners already sweeping the entire IPv4 range find it, usually within minutes of the first boot. Nobody chose your box specifically. A script tried it because it tries everything, the same way it tried the address before yours and will try the one after.

This is the single fact that should shape every decision in this course: the overwhelming majority of real compromises are automated and opportunistic, not the work of a determined human targeting you by name. A bot does not care that your server is small, new, or unannounced. Obscurity, a low profile, a domain nobody has heard of, defends against nothing, because the scan does not look up who you are before it knocks.

SSH and accounts → firewall → patching → TLS → secrets → monitoring

That order is not arbitrary. Remote access comes first because it is the door everyone tries first. Exposure comes next because every open port is a door of its own. Patching closes holes that are already public knowledge. TLS protects traffic once the box itself is reasonably sound. Secrets hygiene and monitoring close out the list because they assume the earlier layers are already in place.

Opportunistic attackAn attack aimed at whatever is reachable and weak, not at a chosen target.
Attack surfaceEverything on a server that can be reached and might be abused: open ports, running services, accounts.
Why it matters

Before changing anything remote, keep a second way into the box open, typically the hosting provider's browser based console. It is the difference between a mistake you fix in seconds and a server you have to reinstall.

Lektion 1 von 36.

Lehrplan

  1. Who gets in: identity and SSH

    6 Lektionen · Modultest

    1. 01The threat model: automated, opportunistic, and already scanning you
    2. 02Accounts before keys: a named user, sudo, and never living as root
    3. 03SSH keys: generate, install, and prove they work
    4. 04Hardening sshd_config without locking yourself out
    5. 05Brute-force countermeasures: fail2ban and the port 22 question
    6. 06Key lifecycle: one key per person, revocation, and offboarding
  2. Exposure: the firewall and what listens

    6 Lektionen · Modultest

    1. 07Least exposure: every open port is a decision
    2. 08ufw in practice: default policies, then only what you serve
    3. 090.0.0.0 vs 127.0.0.1: keep internal services on localhost
    4. 10Audit what actually listens: reading ss -tlnp
    5. 11The second layer: provider and cloud firewalls
    6. 12Game servers and unusual services: open exactly what is documented
  3. Patching: closing known holes first

    6 Lektionen · Modultest

    1. 13Why patching wins: real attacks use old vulnerabilities
    2. 14unattended-upgrades: security patches while you sleep
    3. 15Kernel updates and the reboot schedule
    4. 16What apt does not patch: runtimes, containers, CMS, and plugins
    5. 17Hear about it first: advisories, CVEs, and deciding what is urgent
    6. 18Shrink what you must patch: remove what you do not run
  4. TLS everywhere: HTTPS that renews itself

    6 Lektionen · Modultest

    1. 19What TLS actually protects: encryption and identity
    2. 20Let's Encrypt and certbot: a trusted certificate in one command
    3. 21Auto-renewal: the timer, the dry run, and the cost of expiry
    4. 22Force the encrypted path: HTTP to HTTPS redirect plus HSTS
    5. 23Beyond the main site: panels, APIs, subdomains, and DNS validation
    6. 24Certificate failure modes: expiry monitoring, chains, and mixed content
  5. Secrets and application hygiene

    6 Lektionen · Modultest

    1. 25What counts as a secret and where they leak
    2. 26Out of the code: environment variables, .env files, and .gitignore
    3. 27Git remembers everything: history, scrapers, and the deletion trap
    4. 28Rotating a leaked secret: revoke, replace, and audit
    5. 29Least privilege for applications and service accounts
    6. 30Growing up: secrets managers and injecting secrets at deploy time
  6. See it, survive it: detection, monitoring, and response

    6 Lektionen · Modultest

    1. 31Logs worth watching: auth, web, and system signals
    2. 32High-signal alerting: the few pages that matter
    3. 33Signs of compromise: is this box still only yours?
    4. 34Backups as the security net: 3-2-1 with a copy ransomware cannot reach
    5. 35The first hour: responding when you suspect a breach
    6. 36Staying hardened: the checklist, the security hour, and provisioning automation
Jetzt einschreiben
$99